Characteristics and main application fields of porous metal organic frameworks
As a very important class of porous crystalline materials, metal-organic frame-works (MOFs) materials are characterized in that the size, shape, dimension and chemical environment of the pores and windows of these materials can be determined by selecting the node metal. The ions and bridging organic ligands are regulated under appropriate reaction conditions. MOFs materials combine the characteristics of polymer materials and inorganic materials, which are different from organic polymers and zeolite inorganic porous materials in the traditional sense. The design, synthesis, performance research and application of MOFs have been one of the most popular research fields in the past two decades. Compared with inorganic zeolite-like materials, MOFs have large pore size, high specific surface area, and are accompanied by a variety of pore topologies. Although MOFs have a relatively short research history, MOFs rely on their own rich topology. The unique adsorption, catalysis, acoustic, magnetic, electrical and other properties have attracted extensive attention of researchers at home and abroad. MOFS has become a very important class of hybrid materials in material chemistry and plays an important role in many fields. At present, the main applications of this material are gas storage, CO2 collection, solid acid, base catalysis, oxidation and reduction catalysis, photocatalysis and many chiral catalysis. In addition, MOFS has also shown attractive application prospects in the fields of advanced functional materials such as light, electricity, and magnetism, as well as biomedical imaging and drug delivery. .
First, luminescence has become an important research direction in MOFs. In the past 10 years, nearly a thousand papers on luminescent framework materials have been published, accounting for about 15% of the total number of papers published in the field of MOFs. In light-emitting MOFs, not only metal ions and organic ligands can provide light-emitting properties, but also guest molecules or ions assembled in the pores of framework materials can also produce light-emitting properties. In addition, the light-emitting properties of framework materials are related to chemical environment, coordination configuration, The crystal structure and its interaction with the pore content molecules are closely related, which makes the luminescent MOFs not only cover the luminescent properties of traditional complexes, but also have the potential to generate new luminescent properties and luminescent behaviors. Detection, luminescence and display, and biomedical imaging all have great application value.
Second, MOFs porous compounds have the characteristics of high specific surface area, adjustable pore size, and various modifiability, so they are widely used in adsorption and separation. Especially in gas storage and carbon dioxide capture, through the efforts of chemists, the research of MOFs materials in the field of gas storage applications has made significant progress, and it has also promoted the progress of adsorption theory, such as the establishment of gas adsorption theoretical models and computational models. , identified the gas adsorption sites, etc., which can not only guide the improvement of gas storage capacity theoretically, but also develop the theoretical model and theoretical calculation of gas storage in MOFs materials. MOFs, as a new type of porous gas storage materials expected to be widely used, have shown very promising application prospects.
