The Emergence and Development Prospects of Multi-(Equal) Pore Materials
In the past ten years, the field of porous materials has flourished
on the basis of micropores and mesopores. Micropore-mesoporous,
micropore-macropore, mesopore-macropore, etc. Taking the widely used
hierarchical porous catalytic materials as an example, such hierarchical porous
catalytic materials have the original structure of each level of pores. It also
has the synergistic effect of the function generated by the coupling of the
multi-level pore structure, which promotes the function and properties of this
kind of hierarchical pore material to show more excellent and multi-functional
synergistic effect than the single pore structure. Specifically, taking a
hierarchical porous catalytic material composed of micropores, mesopores and
macropores as an example, the micropore structure maintains the characteristics
of acid centers and shape selection, and the existence of mesopores and
macropores not only provides a very high The specific surface area and large
pore volume are more important to improve the diffusion and transport
performance of guest molecules in the pores of the catalytic material, and
provide a catalytic reaction site for organic macromolecules such as heavy oil
molecules, heavy aromatics and even complex biomolecules. The conversion
ability, as well as the inhibition and reduction of coking deactivation, etc.,
provide the possibility and development prospect for the possibility of
carrying out two or more continuous catalytic reactions in one hierarchically
porous catalytic material. Therefore, in the past ten years, the research on
the controllable synthesis and application of catalytic materials with
hierarchical pores as the main body has been vigorously carried out, and many
routes have been opened up in the field of hierarchical pore design and controllable
synthesis and construction.
At present, in terms of catalytic
applications, such as hierarchical porous catalytic materials are used in oil
refining or heavy oil cracking catalysts, toluene disproportionation and
transalkylation catalysts, cumene catalysts, cyclohexanone amine oxidation to
cyclohexanone oxime catalysts, automobile exhaust gas treatment catalysts and
some The catalytic preparation of macromolecular fine chemicals has begun to be
practically applied. With the continuous deepening and expansion of the
research on hierarchical porous materials, its application will also continue
to expand. In conclusion, compared with single microporous or mesoporous
catalysts, hierarchically porous catalysts aggregate their respective
advantages while overcoming some disadvantages. Because of this, the catalytic
performance of hierarchical porous catalytic materials is often better than
that of existing conventional molecular sieve catalytic materials, and has
broad application prospects in oil refining, petrochemical, fine chemical and
environmental catalysis. industrial catalysts for various applications, and may
develop new catalysts and processes for new types of reactions such as the
catalytic conversion of macromolecules. We look forward to the continuous
expansion of its scientific connotation and wide practical application.
