Main application fields and development prospects of mesoporous materials(2)
Regarding the first category, mesoporous silica (various mesostructures, tunable mesoscopic sizes and rich morphologies: spherical, fibrous, hollow spheres, thin films, etc.), mesoporous carbon (unique surface properties and thermal stability) The host-guest mesoporous catalytic materials are mainly composed of mesoporous alumina and zirconia, and the second type is doped with heteroatoms to replace silicon or carbon atoms in the mesoporous framework, thus changing the structure of the framework. Acid-base or redox properties. The catalytically active components exist in the framework in the form of nanoparticles, which can effectively prevent the agglomeration of catalytic activity and provide the possibility for the reactants to contact the active center. The above-mentioned two types of mesoporous host-guest catalytic materials have been widely used in the catalytic reaction of macromolecules and biomolecules, and exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity in redox catalysis.
Of course, the thermal stability, hydrothermal stability and classical solid acid catalytic activity of ordered mesoporous materials are still low compared to conventional microporous molecular sieve crystals. In order to solve these problems, in recent years, many scientists have devoted a lot of research in this field to overcome and remedy this weakness.
The application of mesoporous materials in the field of high-tech, due to the above-mentioned structural characteristics (high specific surface area and large pore size), can form a large number of types and fields of more extensive and more functional host-guest composite advanced functional materials.
As a microreactor to prepare and assemble new nanomaterials with special optical, electrical, magnetic and other properties, or to be used in medical and biological sciences such as protein immobilization and separation, biochips, and to develop special types of biomimetic smart nanochannels and applications For biosensors, ion rectification and energy conversion, etc., as for the controllable drug release and treatment in certain types of mesoporous nanoparticles, mesoporous nanomedicine diagnosis and treatment, targeted drug delivery, etc. have more broad application prospects. meet higher and wider needs. There is every reason to believe that with the further development of research work, mesoporous materials will play a more important role in the development of materials science in the 21st century.
