From inorganic porous frameworks to porous metal-organic frameworks
From the natural zeolite to the mesoporous and macroporous materials that have emerged in the past two decades, as well as the most (or equal) pore materials, the composition of the ordered porous framework is mainly inorganic compounds. Until the past decade, a large number of porous frameworks (metal-oreamic frarmeworkes, MOFs) constructed with coordination polymers and metal-organic hybrid framework materials as the main body have emerged. This is another big leap in the research field of porous framework substances and their materials chemistry.
Taking MOF-5 as an example, the pore volume is about 0.530m3/g, and the specific surface area is 1502cm2/g, which is better than that of microporous compounds with inorganic frameworks.
In conclusion, MOFs are a new type of
porous materials formed by coordination-bridging of metal ions or metal
oxygenates with organic ligands, which are similar to traditional inorganic
porous materials such as molecular sieves. MOFs also have special topology,
regularity of internal arrangement, and pores of specific size and shape. Among
them, the largest pore ruler can even reach nearly 10nm (IRMOF-14-XL, 9.8nm),
and has a large specific surface area (Nu-110E, 7140m/g), which is ideal for
catalysis, adsorption separation and gas storage. one of the materials. Second,
MOFs exhibit great structurally variable and tunable properties, and thus have
richer physicochemical properties. During the assembly process of MOFs,
different metal
A large number of novel structures can be
assembled by the selection and design of ionic or metal oxygenates and organic
ligands.
In addition, MOFs can also be structurally and functionally modified by methods such as "secondary synthesis", so as to achieve the purpose of designing, tailoring and regulating the pore and surface structure and physical and chemical properties of framework materials. Therefore, MOFs have become one of the hot fields of modern porous materials research and have been widely used in gas storage, separation, carbon dioxide capture, catalysis, optical, electrical, thermal and magnetic materials.
